This ancient and remarkable breed, also known as the Mexican Hairless Dog, has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. The Xoloitzcuintli is deeply rooted in Mexican culture and was considered sacred by the Aztecs. According to legend, the Xoloitzcuintli was believed to have the power to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck. Notable figures like Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera were known to be avid fans of this unique breed, further cementing its place in Mexican heritage. With its sleek body and moderate exercise needs, the Xoloitzcuintli is a versatile breed that can be a good fit for various lifestyles. Join us as we look at some facts about the Xoloitzcuintli!
Is a Xoloitzcuintli Right for You?
This ancient breed is known for its loyalty, intelligence, and low-maintenance grooming. The Xoloitzcuintli has a lean and athletic build, with a long neck and a sleek, muscular body. They can be reserved with strangers and may require early socialization and training. Continue reading for more Xolo facts.
The Xoloitzcuintli (aka Mexican Hairless) is an Ancient
Mexican dog breed estimated to be over 3000 years old. Archaeological evidence suggests that Xoloitzcuintli accompanied the first humans to enter North America. Nearly extinct in the 1950’s, the breed experienced a revival when the Mexican government named the dog the official dog breed of Mexico in 1956.
The Dog’s Name can be Broken Down into
two Aztec words “Xolotl” – the Aztec god of death and lightening and “itzcuintli” which means dog. The Aztecs believed this spiritual dog was created by the Gods to guard the souls of the living and guide the souls of the departed through the underworld.
The Xoloitzcuintli is a Hairless
breed (there are short-haired Xilo’s) as the result of a genetic mutation. They have made somewhat of a revival as they are great dogs for allergy sufferers.
Xoloitzcuintli were One of the Earliest
domesticated animals raised for food. This primitive breed was almost eaten into extinction by the conquistadors as they were an easy and convenient source of protein.
Xoloitzcuintli Come in three Sizes
Toy (15 pounds), Miniature (30 pounds) and Standard (60 pounds). They can come in either the hairless variety or coated variety which is covered with a short, smooth coat. According to AKC breed standard, “A dark, uniform color is preferred, ranging from black, gray black, slate, to red, liver or bronze, although white spots and markings are permitted.”
Xoloitzcuintli have a high prey drive
and are VERY likely to chase other small animals. They may have an aloof temperament with strangers and take some time to “warm-up” to someone new. They can be very protective of their territories/families.
Growing Up Xolo
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Hairless Xolos have Sensitive Skin
Many puppies under a year old will develop some form of acne. Their bodies should be wiped down with a wet cloth weekly to remove dirt and skin cells but they should not be over-bathed. Excessive bathing will remove essential oils from their tough skin. A sunscreen may be required on very hot days and some type of body covering worn in cold temperatures.
Xoloitzcuintli are One of the Few Dog Breeds
that developed over thousands of years through natural selection. This lack of human manipulation makes them a very healthy, rugged breed with an average lifespan of 12-15 years. It is not uncommon for a Xolo to live 18 years or longer! Their main health issues usually center around teeth and skin problems.
Xolo Humor!
A Mutation in the Forkhead I3 Gene, which is
responsible for Xoloitzcuintli hairlessness, also effects Xolo dentation. It is common for a Xolo to be missing their replacement teeth-incisors, canines, and premolars.
The AKC First Recognized the Breed in 1897
The Xoloitzcuintli was originally registered as the Mexican Hairless breed by the American Kennel Club from 1887 to 1959. Due to low numbers of dogs being bred and registered, it was removed from their breed listing. In 2011, the AKC, once again, recognized the breed.
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Facts About the Xoloitzcuintli Infographic
